Who You Are is Who You Were When

The phrase “who you are is who you were when” is a thought-provoking statement that touches on the complex philosophical and psychological concepts of personal identity, consciousness, and the continuity of self over time. To unpack this statement and explore its meaning, we need to delve into various perspectives on personal identity, memory, and the nature of consciousness.

Philosophical Perspectives on Personal Identity

The question of personal identity over time has been a subject of intense philosophical debate for centuries. Several key theories help us understand the implications of this statement:

Psychological Continuity Theory: John Locke, a prominent philosopher, proposed that personal identity is founded on psychological continuity, particularly the continuity of consciousness. He argued that it is the same consciousness that links past and present experiences, which constitutes personal identity [1]. This theory suggests that “who you are is who you were when” is directly connected to your current self through a continuous stream of consciousness and memories.
Hume’s Bundle Theory: David Hume, another influential philosopher, was skeptical of the notion of a permanent self. He suggested that personal identity is more like a bundle of perceptions without a true underlying self [2]. This perspective challenges the idea of a consistent “you” across time, implying that “who you were when” might be fundamentally different from who you are now.
Narrative Identity: This concept, supported by philosophers and psychologists, suggests that individuals construct their sense of self through a personal narrative that is continuously updated and reshaped [3]. In this view, “who you were when” becomes part of the ongoing story you tell about yourself, influencing but not necessarily defining your current identity.

The Role of Memory in Identity

Memory plays a crucial role in connecting our past selves to our present identity:

Dynamic Nature of Memory: Scientific research has shown that memory is not a static archive but an active and reconstructive process. Each time we recall a memory, it is reconstructed, and this process can alter the original experience [4]. This suggests that “who you were when” is not a fixed point but a dynamic representation that changes over time.
Autobiographical Memory: From a psychological standpoint, autobiographical memory is central to the construction of personal identity. These memories are subjective, selective, and reconstructive, influenced by current emotions, beliefs, and cognitive biases [5]. This means that your recollection of “who you were when” is shaped by your current perspective and circumstances.

Consciousness and Self-Awareness

The statement also touches on the concepts of consciousness and self-awareness:

Self-Awareness Development: Self-awareness is a critical component of personal identity. It begins to develop in infancy and becomes more complex as individuals grow [6]. This developmental perspective suggests that “who you are is who you were when” might have different levels of self-awareness compared to your current self.
Neural Correlates of Consciousness: Scientific studies have explored the neural basis of consciousness, identifying areas such as the anterior cingulate cortex as important for self-awareness. However, self-awareness may arise from distributed brain networks rather than specific regions [7]. This neurological perspective highlights the complexity of maintaining a consistent sense of self over time.

Personality Development and Change

Research on personality development provides insights into how individuals change over time:

Stability and Change: Personality traits are generally characterized by both stability and change across the lifespan. While some traits like agreeableness and conscientiousness tend to increase with age, others like neuroticism, extraversion, and openness to experience may decline [8]. This suggests that who you are is who you were when” might have different personality characteristics compared to your current self.
Impact of Life Events: Significant life events can lead to changes in personality traits. For example, entering a romantic relationship or starting a new job can increase emotional stability and conscientiousness [9]. These changes imply that major life experiences can create distinctions between “who you are is who you were when” and who you are now.

Synthesis and Meaning

The statement “who you are is who you were when” encapsulates the complex interplay between continuity and change in personal identity. It challenges us to consider:

Continuity of Consciousness: To what extent does our consciousness provide a thread of continuity between our past and present selves?
Memory’s Role: How do our memories, which are dynamic and reconstructive, shape our understanding of who we were and who we are?
Personal Growth: How have we changed over time, and how do these changes affect our sense of self?
Narrative Construction: How do we integrate our past experiences into our current self-narrative?

In essence, this statement invites us to reflect on the complex nature of personal identity. It suggests that while there may be a continuity of consciousness and memory linking our past and present selves, we are also constantly evolving beings. Our current identity is shaped by, but not necessarily identical to, who we were in the past. This perspective encourages a nuanced understanding of personal identity that acknowledges both the enduring aspects of self and the potential for growth and change over time.

How important are the years 18 – 25 for the individual’s life future experience in the context of political activism? CLICK HERE

Political Podcasts

Podcasts have become an increasingly influential medium for political discourse, shaping public opinion and voter behavior. While political podcasts can be a great source of information and analysis, it’s crucial to approach them critically and seek out diverse perspectives. By listening to a variety of podcasts across the political spectrum and using tools to evaluate their bias and reliability, you can gain a more comprehensive understanding of political issues and form your own informed opinions.

Pros and Cons of Political Podcasts and Recommendations

How Political Podcasts Work in the Political Arena

Political podcasts have emerged as a powerful force in shaping public opinion and influencing voter behavior. They offer a unique platform for political commentary, analysis, and discussion that can reach a wide audience. Here’s how they function in the political landscape:

Influence on Public Opinion: Political podcasts have a significant impact on shaping listeners’ views. According to a survey by Voxtopica, 63% of registered voters reported that podcasts have changed their opinions on issues and topics in the news [1]. This demonstrates the persuasive power of this medium.
Trust and Credibility: Podcasts are often perceived as more trustworthy than traditional media sources. An impressive 85% of registered voters trust the news and information they receive from podcasts more than any traditional or social media [2]. This high level of trust amplifies the influence of political podcasts on public opinion.
Engagement and Action: Political podcasts don’t just inform; they also motivate listeners to take action. For instance, 71% of adult podcast listeners plan to participate in actions related to the 2024 election [3]. This shows how podcasts can mobilize listeners to become more politically active.
Diverse Audience Reach: Political podcasts can reach audiences across the political spectrum, making them an effective tool for communicating political messages and campaign strategies [4].
Impact on Voting Decisions: The media, including podcasts, plays a significant role in shaping voting decisions. Approximately 31% of Americans reported that the media has influenced their voting decision for the president and vice president [5].

Pros and Cons of Political Podcasts

Pros:

In-depth Analysis: Podcasts often provide more detailed and nuanced discussions of political issues compared to traditional news formats.
Convenience: Listeners can access political content on-demand, fitting it into their schedules.
Diverse Perspectives: There are podcasts available from across the political spectrum, allowing listeners to explore different viewpoints.
Community Building: Podcasts can create a sense of community among listeners who share similar political interests.
Direct Communication: Politicians and political commentators can speak directly to their audience without intermediaries.

Cons:

Echo Chambers: Listeners might gravitate towards podcasts that confirm their existing beliefs, potentially reinforcing biases.
Misinformation Risk: Not all podcasts adhere to strict journalistic standards, which can lead to the spread of misinformation.
Polarization: Some political podcasts may contribute to political polarization by presenting extreme or divisive views.
Lack of Immediate Fact-checking: Unlike live debates or interviews, podcast content isn’t subject to real-time fact-checking.
Overwhelming Volume: The sheer number of political podcasts available can make it challenging for listeners to discern quality content.

Recommendations Across the Political Spectrum

To get a balanced perspective, it’s advisable to listen to podcasts from different political leanings. Here are some recommendations:

Liberal Podcasts:

Pod Save America: Hosted by former Obama staffers, providing a progressive take on politics.
The MeidasTouch Podcast: Discusses strategies for social change and critiques conservative policies [8].
Why Is This Happening? The Chris Hayes Podcast: Offers in-depth discussions about political and social issues from a liberal viewpoint [9].

Conservative Podcasts:

The Ben Shapiro Show: Known for conservative commentary and critiques of liberal policies [6].
The Dan Bongino Show: Focuses on current events and political analysis from a conservative viewpoint.
The Tucker Carlson Show: Discusses political issues with a focus on critiquing liberal agendas [7].

Centrist/Moderate Podcasts:

Left, Right & Center: Features discussions from across the political spectrum, aiming to provide a balanced viewpoint.
Very Serious with Josh Barro: Focuses on serious political discussions with a centrist approach [10].
The Utterly Moderate Podcast: Offers a nonpartisan perspective on political issues.

Independent/Nonpartisan Podcasts:

Tangle: Known for its independent, non-partisan approach to political news, presenting arguments from across the political spectrum [11] [12].
On the Ballot: Hosted by Ballotpedia, offering neutral and reliable information on government operations and political stories [13].
Not Another Politics Podcast: Produced by the University of Chicago Harris School of Public Policy, focusing on research and data to provide a fresh perspective on political stories [14].

Evaluating Political Podcasts

When choosing political podcasts to listen to, it’s important to consider their bias and reliability. Tools like the Ad Fontes Media Bias Chart can help you understand where a podcast falls on the political spectrum and how reliable its content is [15] [16]. This chart evaluates media sources, including podcasts, on both bias (from extreme left to extreme right) and reliability (from original fact reporting to propaganda).

Fact-checking resources like FactCheck.org, PolitiFact, and Snopes can be valuable for verifying claims made in political podcasts [17].

We Need the Activism of the 18 – 25s

The years between 18 and 25 are critically important for an individual’s future life experience, particularly in the context of political activism. This period, often referred to as “emerging adulthood,” is a pivotal time for brain development, personality formation, and the establishment of long-lasting civic engagement patterns. Let’s explore the significance of these years for political activists in detail:

Neurobiological Development and Decision-Making

During the ages of 18-25, the brain undergoes significant changes that are crucial for political activism:

Prefrontal Cortex Maturation: The prefrontal cortex, responsible for higher-order cognitive processes such as planning, impulse control, and decision-making, continues to develop well into the mid-20s [1]. This ongoing maturation is essential for political activists as it enhances their ability to make informed decisions, plan campaigns, and strategize effectively.
Emotional Regulation: The limbic system, involved in emotional processing and risk-taking behaviors, also matures during this period [2]. This development is crucial for political activists who often face emotionally charged situations and need to regulate their responses effectively.
Synaptic Pruning and Myelination: These processes improve cognitive abilities and decision-making skills [1], which are vital for activists navigating complex political landscapes and making critical choices about their involvement and strategies.

Identity Formation and Value Systems

The years 18-25 are fundamental for shaping an individual’s identity and values, which are core to political activism:

Identity Exploration: According to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, this period involves exploring various possibilities in love, work, and worldviews to develop a coherent sense of self [3]. For political activists, this exploration is crucial in forming their political identities and determining the causes they will champion.
Self-Focused Exploration: Emerging adults often focus on developing the knowledge, skills, and self-understanding necessary for adult life [4]. This self-focus allows future activists to identify their passions and develop the competencies needed for effective advocacy.
Value System Development: The experiences and exposures during this period significantly influence the formation of an individual’s value system, which is fundamental to their political beliefs and motivations for activism.

Civic Engagement and Political Participation

The 18-25 age range is critical for establishing patterns of civic engagement that often persist throughout life:

Early Political Socialization: This period is crucial for political socialization, with family, friends, and institutions playing significant roles in motivating initial political participation [5]. These early influences can shape an activist’s long-term engagement and approach to political issues.
Skill Development: Early involvement in activism during this period leads to the development of political literacy and social capital, which are crucial for ongoing civic participation [6]. These skills, acquired in the formative years of activism, often become the foundation for a lifetime of effective political engagement.
Long-term Impact: Studies show that civic participation in adolescence and young adulthood helps develop a civic identity associated with higher levels of engagement later in life [7]. This suggests that activists who start their journey during these years are more likely to maintain their commitment and involvement over time.

Social Impact and Movement Building

The unique characteristics of youth activism during this period can have significant societal impacts:

Challenging Norms: Young activists between 18-25 are particularly effective at deconstructing prevailing societal standards and questioning deeply rooted systems of authority [8]. This ability to challenge the status quo is crucial for driving social change.
Innovative Approaches: With their adaptability and familiarity with new technologies, young activists in this age group often pioneer innovative methods of mobilization and communication [9]. This innovation can significantly enhance the reach and effectiveness of political movements.
Global Connectivity: The issues championed by today’s young activists, such as climate justice, racial fairness, and gender equality, often transcend geographical and ideological boundaries [10]. This global perspective, developed during these formative years, can lead to more inclusive and far-reaching activism.

Conclusion

The years between 18 and 25 are undeniably crucial for shaping an individual’s future as a political activist. This period encompasses significant neurobiological development, identity formation, and the establishment of civic engagement patterns that often persist throughout life. The experiences, skills, and networks developed during this time can set the foundation for a lifetime of impactful political activism.

For political activists, these years represent a unique opportunity to shape their worldviews, develop critical skills, and establish the groundwork for long-term civic engagement. The activism initiated during this period often has far-reaching consequences, not just for the individuals involved but for society as a whole. As such, supporting and nurturing political engagement during these formative years can have profound implications for the future of social movements and political change.

Guide to Critical Thinking Worksheet

Why critical thinking is important: Thinking Critically CLICK HERE

1. Knowledge
Who ______________? What _____________________?
Where_________________________? When_________________________________?
How__________________________? Describe __________________?
What is ___________________________________________________ ?
2. Comprehension
Retell in your own words ____________________________________?
What is the main idea of ____________________________________?
What differences exist between ______________________________?
Can you write a brief outline _________________________________?
3. Application
How is_______________________ an example of____________________________?
How is __________ related to ____________________?
Why is __________________________________________ significant?
Do you know another instance where _________________________?
Could this have happened in_____________________________________________?
4. Analysis
What are the parts or features of _____________________________?
Classify ________________ according to ___________?
Outline/diagram/web map ____________________________________
How does ______ Compare/contrast with _________?
What evidence can you present for ___________________________?
5. Synthesis
What would you predict/infer from ___________________________?
What ideas could you add to ________________________________?
How would you create/design a new _________________________?
What solutions would you suggest for ________________________?
What might happen if you combined ___ with _____?
6. Evaluation
Do you agree that ________________? Explain ______
What do you think about ____________________________________?
What is most important?
Prioritize _________ according to _________________?
How would you decide about____________________________________________?
What criteria would you use to assess ________________________?

Choices Now: Tyranny or Revolution?

Posted on March 13, 2025 by Robert Lloyd

By Robert Lloyd

When the choice is tyranny or revolution, to keep your head in the sand is to choose tyranny. If you choose revolution the question is nonviolent or violent.

The Scenario

A presidential candidate has won the election and gained control over all branches of government.
The new administration refuses to follow court rulings and historical norms.
Democratic processes and checks and balances have broken down.
The leadership style is modeled after authoritarian regimes like Russia, North Korea, and China.

This situation represents a significant threat to democratic institutions and the rule of law, which are fundamental to a functioning democracy.

Can We Trust This Man?

Options for Grassroots Movements

In such a scenario, grassroots movements and civil society organizations face a critical decision: whether to accept the new regime or to resist. Based on historical examples and research on civil resistance, there are several potential courses of action:

Nonviolent revolutions have endured longer

Nonviolent Revolution

Historically, nonviolent revolutions have been more successful and led to more stable democratic outcomes than violent uprisings. Research by Erica Chenoweth and Maria J. Stephan has shown that nonviolent campaigns are twice as likely to succeed as violent ones.

Strategies for nonviolent revolution could include:

a) Mass Mobilization: Organizing large-scale protests, strikes, and boycotts to demonstrate widespread opposition to the regime. This was effectively used in the Philippines People Power Revolution (1986) and the U.S. Civil Rights Movement (1950s-1960s).

b) Civil Disobedience: Engaging in coordinated acts of nonviolent resistance, such as sit-ins, blockades, or refusal to pay taxes. The Indian Independence Movement led by Mahatma Gandhi successfully employed these tactics.

c) Alternative Institutions: Creating parallel governance structures or “shadow governments” to challenge the legitimacy of the regime and provide essential services to the population.

d) International Solidarity: Appealing to international organizations and foreign governments for support and sanctions against the regime. This strategy was crucial in the South African Anti-Apartheid Movement.

Civic Engagement and Grassroots Organizing

Even in challenging political environments, there are legal and peaceful methods to resist authoritarianism:

a) Stakeholder Engagement: Identifying and mobilizing key stakeholders who can influence the political process.

b) Effective Communication: Using clear, consistent messaging to articulate grievances and demands.

c) Technology and Social Media: Leveraging digital platforms for organizing, information sharing, and mobilizing support.

d) Educational Interventions: Implementing programs to promote civic engagement and democratic values.

e) Building Trust and Relationships: Establishing networks of trust within communities to strengthen resistance efforts.

Seeking International Support

Grassroots movements can appeal to international democratic support systems and diplomatic channels:

a) International Organizations: Engaging with bodies like the UN, OSCE, and International IDEA to highlight democratic backsliding and seek support.

b) Foreign Diplomatic Pressure: Encouraging democratic nations to exert diplomatic pressure on the regime, similar to Sweden’s “Drive for Democracy” initiative.

c) NGO Partnerships: Collaborating with international NGOs like Freedom House to document and publicize human rights violations and democratic erosion.